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Health and Safety
Executive
Hand-arm vibration
The Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005
Guidance on Regulations
11315-L140 R1cover:11315/L140 cover
18/12/08
11:37
Page 2
Health and Safety
Executive
Hand-arm vibration
The Control of Vibration at Work
Regulations 2005
This is a free-to-download, web-friendly version of L140, (Published 2005).
This version has been adapted for online use from HSE’s current printed
version.
You can buy the book at www.hsebooks.co.uk and most good bookshops.
ISBN 978 0 7176 6125 1
Price £13.95
This book explains to employers, health and safety advisors, specialists and
occupational health professionals what they need to do to reduce and control
the risks from hand-arm vibration (HAV) under the Control of Vibration at Work
Regulations 2005. It is divided into colour-coded parts to help readers go
directly to the information that is most relevant to them.
Part 1 of the book includes the text of the Regulations and explains what they
mean and what they require employers to do to control the risks to health and
safety from exposure to HAV.
Parts 2-5 include practical guidance for employers on carrying out risk
assessment, estimating vibration exposure, controlling risks, arranging health
surveillance, understanding the duties of machinery manufacturers and suppliers
to their customers and how to obtain competent help with assessment and
control of risks.
Parts 6 and 7 provide supplementary technical and medical guidance for health
and safety professionals, specialist and occupational health professionals.
Guidance on Regulations
HSE Books
Page 1 of 135
Health and Safety
Executive
©
Crown copyright 2005
First published 2005
Reprinted 2008
ISBN 978 0 7176 6125 1
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the prior written
permission of the copyright owner.
Applications for reproduction should be made in writing to:
The Office of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team,
Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU or e-mail: licensing@opsi.gov.uk
This guidance is issued by the Health and Safety Executive. Following the guidance
is not compulsory and you are free to take other action. But if you do follow the
guidance you will normally be doing enough to comply with the law. Health and
safety inspectors seek to secure compliance with the law and may refer to this
guidance as illustrating good practice.
Page 2 of 135
Health and Safety
Executive
Contents
Editorial note to reprint of December 2008
Introduction
5
4
Part I:
Legal duties of employers to control the risks to health and safety
from hand-arm vibration
7
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Schedule 1
Schedule 2
Part II:
Part III:
Part IV:
Part V:
Part VI:
1
2
3
4
5
Citation and commencement
7
Interpretation
7
Application and transitional provisions
8
Exposure limit values and action values
12
Assessment of the risk to health created by vibration at the
workplace
12
6
Elimination or control of exposure to vibration at the workplace
7
Health surveillance
21
8
Information, instruction and training
24
9
Exemption certificates for emergency services
26
10
Exemption certificates for air transport
26
11
Exemptions relating to the Ministry of Defence
27
12
Extension outside Great Britain
27
13
Amendments
27
Hand-arm vibration
28
Whole-body vibration
29
31
17
Assess vibration risks and develop an action plan for control
Practical control of vibration exposure and risk
47
Information from manufacturers and suppliers of machinery
Health surveillance for HAVS
68
61
Technical guidance for health and safety advisors and
specialists
73
Part VII: Guidance on health surveillance for occupational health
professionals
83
Appendix
Appendix
Appendix
Appendix
Appendix
Appendix
Appendix
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Reportable diseases
101
Initial screening questionnaire
102
Annual screening questionnaire for health surveillance
104
Clinical questionnaire
106
Training and competence issues for those advising employers
115
Training syllabus for occupational health professionals
119
Guidance for machinery manufacturers on a suggested approach to
warning of residual risk from vibration
127
References
130
Further reading
132
Further information
135
Hand-arm vibration
Page 3 of 135
Health and Safety
Executive
Editorial note to reprint of
December 2008
This guidance has been reprinted with minor changes including updated references
and updated information relating to revised requirements on manufacturers and
suppliers of machinery.
A revised Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC comes into force across Europe
on 29 December 2009, implemented in the UK as the Supply of Machinery
(Safety) Regulations 2008. The requirements on vibration are expected to result in
better information about vibration being supplied with powered hand-tools. Work is
underway to revise the harmonised Standards that provide suppliers of tools with a
means to comply with the vibration requirements of the Machinery Directive, but it
is unlikely that the process will be complete before the end of 2009.
It is expected that the guidance here will continue to help dutyholders to reduce
risks from vibration to the lowest level reasonably practicable. Any further
changes to guidance that become necessary as a result of revised harmonised
Standards will be reflected in a new edition of this book, expected in 2010. New
information will be also be added to the vibration pages of HSE’s website:
www.hse.gov.uk/vibration.
Hand-arm vibration
Page 4 of 135
Health and Safety
Executive
Introduction
1 Hand-arm vibration (HAV) is a widespread hazard for employees in many
industries and occupations. HAV exposure at work can arise from the use of hand-
held power tools (such as grinders or hammer drills), hand-guided machinery (such
as lawnmowers and plate compactors) and hand-fed machines (such as pedestal
grinders). Prolonged and regular exposure to this vibration can affect the operator’s
health. But the risks from vibration can be controlled and employees can be
protected from ill health caused by vibration. To protect employees, and to comply
with the Vibration Regulations, employers need to assess the risks from vibration
and plan how to control them.
2
This book contains in-depth guidance on the Control of Vibration at Work
Regulations 2005 (the Vibration Regulations) as they relate to hand-arm vibration.
It replaces HSG88, the previous Health and Safety Executive (HSE) guidance book
on hand-arm vibration, first published in 1994 (ISBN 0 7176 0743 7). It does not
contain guidance on those parts of the Regulations which apply only to whole-body
vibration as this is provided in a separate book (L141 ISBN 978 0 7176 6126 8).
1
The parts of the Regulations which apply specifically to whole-body vibration are
identified by grey shading.
3
General health and safety regulations, supported by HSE guidance, have
required employers to control the risks from vibration and protect their employees
since the early 1990s, however, the Vibration Regulations now place specific duties
on employers. They are based on a European Union Directive* requiring similar
basic laws throughout the Union on reducing the risks of vibration-related diseases.
If employers comply with the Vibration Regulations and follow HSE’s guidance, it
will be possible to stop employees developing advanced stages of these diseases.
The requirements are straightforward and will not be difficult for employers to carry
out.
4
The legal duties described in this book are in addition to the general
obligations to safeguard workers’ health (including the effects of vibration) which
employers have had since 1975 under the Health and Safety at Work etc Act
1974 (the HSW Act). These general obligations also apply to the safeguarding of
the health of people who are not employees, such as students, voluntary workers,
visitors and members of the public. Employees also have duties under the HSW
Act to take care for their own health and safety and that of others whom their work
may affect; and to co-operate with employers so that they may comply with health
and safety law.
5
This book is divided into colour-coded parts to help readers go directly to the
information that is most relevant to them. Other useful information is in a series of
appendices.
Part 1 Legal duties of employers to control the risks to health
and safety from hand-arm vibration
6
Part 1 of the book includes the text of the Vibration Regulations and explains
what they mean and what they require you to do. It sets out your legal obligations
as an employer to control risks to health and safety from exposure to hand-arm
vibration (HAV), including preventing HAV-related diseases such as damage to the
*
Council Directive 2002/44 /EC of 6 July 2002 on the minimum health and safety requirements
regarding the risks arising from physical agents (vibration).
Hand-arm vibration
Page 5 of 135

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