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NAVAL
POSTGRADUATE
SCHOOL
MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA
THESIS
JOBBIK: A BETTER HUNGARY AT THE COST OF
EUROPE
by
Damon L. Smith
March, 2014
Thesis Co-Advisors:
Donald Abenheim
Carolyn Halladay
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
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1. AGENCY USE ONLY
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2. REPORT DATE
March, 2014
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
JOBBIK: A BETTER HUNGARY AT THE COST OF EUROPE
6. AUTHOR(S)
Damon L. Smith
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, CA 93943-5000
9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
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3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED
Master’s Thesis
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11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy
or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. IRB protocol number ____N/A____.
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13. ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words)
Jobbik, an ultra-nationalist party in Hungary, was founded in 2003. By 2010, this party had secured national parliamentary
representation and sent three representatives to the European parliament.
In its manifesto and public speeches, Jobbik has called for Hungary to leave the European Union and possibly the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization and to forge relations with, among other Eastern countries, Russia, China, and Iran. Meanwhile, the
group rattles sabers—and nerves—on Hungary’s uneasy borders with Slovakia and Romania, states with significant Magyar
minorities.
This thesis seeks to answer the following questions: What will a Jobbik-influenced Hungary mean for Europe and the
European Union confronted by political, social and economic turmoil that can swiftly has security implications? What, if anything,
can the EU or NATO do to influence the path of a once-promising democracy in the heart of Europe and the resurgent nationalist
conflict in Eastern Europe?
This thesis concludes that Hungary will maintain its strategic usefulness to NATO regardless of whether it can maintain a
Western-styled democracy—NATO’s other Allies will be content to defer action to other European institutions. The EU’s previous
attempts to influence far-right governments have failed and many of the EU’s member states have human rights issues of their
own—The EU is not likely to take meaningful action against Jobbik. Therefore, it is up to the Hungarians to save their own
democracy.
14. SUBJECT TERMS
anti-Semitism, Eastern Europe, far right, fascism, gendarmerie, Hungary,
Hungarian Guard, irredentism, Jobbik, nationalism, political extremism, populism, Roma, Trianon,
ultra nationalism
17. SECURITY
CLASSIFICATION OF
REPORT
Unclassified
NSN 7540-01-280-5500
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PAGES
101
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
JOBBIK: A BETTER HUNGARY AT THE COST OF EUROPE
Damon L. Smith
Major, United States Air Force
B.A., Utah State University, 1999
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF ARTS IN SECURITY STUDIES
(EUROPE AND EURASIA)
from the
NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
March, 2014
Author:
Damon L. Smith
Approved by:
Donald Abenheim, PhD
Thesis Co-Advisor
Carolyn Halladay, PhD
Thesis Co-Advisor
Mohammed Hafez, PhD
Chair, Department of National Security Affairs
iii

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