Laos and Laotians by Meg Regina Rakow (1992).pdf

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LAOS AND LAOTIANS
BY
MEG REGINA RAKOW
Center for Southeast Asian Studies
School of Hawaiian, Asian and Pacific Affairs
University of Hawaii
1992
Partially funded by the Henry Luce Foundation, Inc.
Acknowledgments
There are many people to thank for their help and interest in this book
project. Mr. Souksomboun Sayasithsena and his wife, Duangkeo, Lao
language instructors at the Foreign Service Institute, gave me a valuable
and memorable introduction to the Lao language and culture. Mr.
Sengdao Rattanasamay and his wife, Pathana, contributed further to my
education, both as language tutors and good friends. Dr. Mayoury
Ngaosyvathn gave me encouragement and constructive criticism on my
writing. Mr. Khamchong Luangpraseut stimulated many ideas with his
workshops and writings on education, Lao culture, and Laotian-Americans.
His wife, Halinka, created many of the beautiful pen and ink drawings that
illustrate this book. Lo Pow Vang, a Hmong-American scholar, was kind
enough to read and comment on my descriptions of the peoples and
cultures of Laos. Mr. Puangpun Sananikone, a Lao-American alumnus of
the East-West Center, should be recognized for his eloquent support of
educational advancement for Indo-Chinese students in the United States.
Helen de Palmore, my program officer at the East-West Center, offered
useful academic advice and support during my studies in Hawaii. Flo
Lamoureux, the coordinator of the University of Hawaii's Center for
Southeast Asian Studies' textbook project, contributed essential guidance
that helped shape this book. Dr. Thomas Gething, currently the only
professor teaching the Lao language at an American university, is a great
and kind mentor for those interested in learning about Laos and Laotians. I
thank him as well for acting as the chairman of my M.A. committee. I also
appreciate the efforts of Dr. Bion Griffin, director of the Center for
Southeast Asian Studies, and Dr. Jim Mclaughlin, professor of curriculum
and instruction at the University of Hawaii's College of Education, who
served as members of my committee.
Finally, I thank my husband, Rick, for his encouragement and patience
during the many hours I spent writing. My gratitude will never match
your wisdom and friendship.
I would like to dedicate this book to Laotian young people, wherever
they live, and to
encourag~
them to cherish forever in their hearts their
fine traditions and history. 'Remember your grandparents' proverb:
Food not eaten will become rotten;
old things not told will be forgotten.
CONTENTS
CHAPTERS
L
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
Land and
People-----~-------------------------------
Society and Culture: Lowland Lao-------------------
Society and Culture: Highland Lao-------------------
Early History------------------------------------
Colonialism and Independence-------------------------
War and Revolution-----------------------------------
Laos and Laotians Today------------------------------
1
19
39
57
82
117
147
TABLES, DIAGRAMS, and GRAPHS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
MAPS
1.
Laos' Neighbors------------------------------------­
Agricultural Production in Laos, 1990------------------­
Laotian Ethnic Groups---------------------------­
Ethnic Composition of Laos'
Three Largest Cities in 1943----------------------------­
U.S. Foreign Aid to Lao, 1955-1963------------------------­
Tons of U.S. Bombs Dropped on Indochina, 1965-1971-­
Number of Laotians Admitted to the U.S., 1982-1989----
2
10
11
88
124
126
156
2.
3.
4.
Provinces of the Lao People's Democratic Republic-----­
Physical Elevation----------------------------------------
Rainfall
in Laos-------------------------------------------
~aLjor
Ethnic Groups
in
LaLos--------------------------------
3
5
7
14
163
169
177
181
G LOSSARY
-----------------5...--------------------------------------------
BIBLIOGRAPHY----
.. -------------------------------------------
RESOURCE LIST---------------------------------------------------
ANSWER KEY----------------------------------------------------

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