Biology 9th ed. [intro txt] - K. Mason, et al., (McGraw-Hill, 2011) WW.pdf

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Ninth Edition
Biology
Kenneth A. Mason
University of Iowa
Jonathan
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B. Losos
Harvard University
Susan R. Singer
Carleton College
based on the work of
Peter H. Raven
Director, Missouri Botanical Gardens; Engelmann
Professor of Botany, Washington University
George B. Johnson
Professor Emeritus of Biology, Washington University
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BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION
Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the
Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Biology / Peter H. Raven ... [et al.]. -- 9th ed.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 978–0–07–893649–4 — ISBN 0–07–893649–7 (hard copy : alk. paper) 1. Biology. I. Raven, Peter H.
QH308.2.R38 2011
570--dc22
2009034491
www.mhhe.com
Brief Contents
Preface
Contents
v
x
xxi
Guided Tour
Part
I
The Molecular Basis of Life
II
The Biology of the Cell
59
1
17
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Protists 567
Green Plants 588
Fungi 614
Overview of Animal Diversity 633
Noncoelomate Invertebrates 649
Coelomate Invertebrates 666
Vertebrates 693
1 The Science of Biology 1
2 The Nature of Molecules and the Properties of Water
3 The Chemical Building Blocks of Life 33
Part
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
VI
Plant Form and Function
729
Part
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Cell Structure 59
Membranes 88
Energy and Metabolism 107
How Cells Harvest Energy 122
Photosynthesis 147
Cell Communication 168
How Cells Divide 186
Plant Form 729
Vegetative Plant Development 753
Transport in Plants 769
Plant Nutrition and Soils 786
Plant Defense Responses 802
Sensory Systems in Plants 814
Plant Reproduction 839
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207
VII
Animal Form and Function
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Part
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
863
Part
III
Genetic and Molecular Biology
11 Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis 207
12 Patterns of Inheritance 221
13 Chromosomes, Mapping, and the Meiosis–Inheritance
Connection 239
14 DNA: The Genetic Material 256
15 Genes and How They Work 278
16 Control of Gene Expression 304
17 Biotechnology 327
18 Genomics 352
19 Cellular Mechanisms & Development 372
The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation 863
The Nervous System 887
Sensory Systems 915
The Endocrine System 937
The Musculoskeletal System 961
The Digestive System 981
The Respiratory System 1001
The Circulatory System 1018
Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System 1038
The Immune System 1055
The Reproductive System 1084
Animal Development 1105
Part
20
21
22
23
24
25
IV
Evolution
396
Part
55
56
57
58
59
60
VIII
Ecology and Behavior
1132
1162
Genes Within Populations 396
The Evidence for Evolution 417
The Origin of Species 436
Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution
Genome Evolution 474
Evolution of Development 492
456
Behavioral Biology 1132
Ecology of Individuals and Populations
Community Ecology 1185
Dynamics of Ecosystems 1207
The Biosphere 1230
Conservation Biology 1256
Part
V
The Diversity of Life
507
Appendix A A-1
Glossary
Index I-1
iii
G-1
26 The Tree of Life 507
27 Viruses 528
28 Prokaryotes 545
Credits C-1
About the Authors
Kenneth Mason
is a lecturer at the University of Iowa where he
teaches introductory biology. He was formerly at Purdue University
where for 6 years he was responsible for the largest introductory
biology course on campus and collaborated with chemistry and
physics faculty on an innovative new course supported by the
National Science Foundation that combined biology, chemistry,
and physics. Prior to Purdue, he was on the faculty at the University
of Kansas for 11 years, where he did research on the genetics of
pigmentation in amphibians, publishing both original work and
reviews on the topic. While there he taught a variety of courses, was
involved in curricular issues, and wrote the lab manual for an upper
division genetics laboratory course. His latest move to the University
of Iowa was precipitated by his wife’s being named president of the
Pictured left to right: Susan Rundell Singer, Jonathan Losos,
Kenneth Mason
University of Iowa.
Jonathan Losos
is the Monique and Philip Lehner Professor for
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Evolutionary Biology and curator of herpetology at the Museum
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the Study of Latin America in the Department of Organismic and
of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. Losos’s research has
focused on studying patterns of adaptive radiation and evolutionary
diversification in lizards. The recipient of several awards, including
the prestigious Theodosius Dobzhanksy and David Starr Jordan
Prizes, and the Edward Osborne-Wilson Naturalist Award. Losos has
published more than 100 scientific articles.
Susan Rundell Singer
is the Laurence McKinley Gould Professor of
the Natural Sciences in the department of biology at Carleton College
in Northfield, Minnesota, where she has taught introductory biology,
plant biology, genetics, plant development, and developmental
genetics for 23 years. Her research interests focus on the development
and evolution of flowering plants. Singer has authored numerous
scientific publications on plant development, contributed chapters
to developmental biology texts, and is actively involved with the
education efforts of several professional societies. She received the
American Society of Plant Biology’s Excellence in Teaching Award,
serves on the National Academies Board on Science Education,
and chaired the National Research Council study committee that
produced
America’s Lab Report.
iv

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