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AMSTERDAM STUDIES IN THE THEORY AND
HISTORY OF LINGUISTIC SCIENCE
General Editor
E. F. KONRAD KOERNER
(University of Ottawa)
Series IV - CURRENT ISSUES IN LINGUISTIC THEORY
Advisory Editorial Board
Henning Andersen (Los Angeles); Raimo Anttila (Los Angeles)
Thomas V. Gamkrelidze (Tbilisi); John E. Joseph (Hong Kong)
Hans-Heinrich Lieb (Berlin); Ernst Pulgram (Ann Arbor, Mich.)
E. Wyn Roberts (Vancouver, B.C.); Danny Steinberg (Tokyo)
Volume 129
Saul Levin
Semitic and Indo-European: The Principal Etymologies
SEMITIC AND
INDO-EUROPEAN
THE PRINCIPAL ETYMOLOGIES
WITH OBSERVATIONS ON AFRO-ASIATIC
SAUL LEVIN
Distinguished Professor of Ancient Languages
State University of New York at Binghamton
JOHN BENJAMINS PUBLISHING COMPANY
AMSTERDAMIPHILADELPHIA
The paper used in this publication meets the mlnImUm requirements of
American National Standard for Information Sciences - Permanence of
Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.
Library of
Congress
Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Levin, Saul.
Semitic
and
Indo-European: the principal etymologies: with observations on Afro-Asiatic
/ Saul Levin.
p.
cm.
--
(Amsterdam
studies in the theory and history of linguistic
science.
Series
IV, Current issues
in
linguistic theory, ISSN 0304-0763
;
v.
129)
Includes bibliographical references (p.
) and
index.
1.
Language and languages--Etymology
.
I.
Title. II. Series.
P321.L47
1995
95-19984
412--dc20
ISBN 90 272 3632 1 (Eur.) / 1-55619-583-4
(US)
(alk. paper)
eIP
©
Copyright
1995
- John Benjamins B.V.
No part
of
this book may be reproduced in
any
form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any
other means, without written permission from the publisher.
John Benjamins Publishing Co
.•
P.O.Box 75577 • 1070 AN Amsterdam· The Netherlands
John Benjamins North America· P.O. Box 27519· Philadelphia PA 19118-0519· USA
TO THE REVEREND DR. JOHN PAIRMAN BROWN
a very dear friend for nearly fifty years
and a fme scholar
from whose original research came the impetus
for me to undertake
this
book
PREFACE
In case my scattered remarks from the introduction on (pp. 3-4, etc.) le
unclear the point of the dedication to my friend Jock Brown, let me expla
here in the preface. After my
Indo-European and Semitic Languages
came
nearly twenty-five years ago, he was the one reader that truly absorbed i
the point of sensing where it most needed to be
C O R R O B O R A T E D .
Moreo
in the course of his own studies he came upon the very corroboration
would serve the purpose (see l.Ac), and he wrote it up concisely but dem
stratively. If not for him, I might never have found this or any equival
evidence myself. But through his discovery I began to realize how, and w
what modifications, I should resume my research into the two langu
groups.
The whole experience, following the publication of
InEuSeLa,
makes
also understand
P E R S O N A L L Y
something about the history of scholarship o
the millennia: that the invention of printing, however valuable for the poten
enlargement of every writer's circle, has not basically changed the intellec
condition for the advancement of knowledge. Now, as always, a writer m
communicate with the mind of some individual. Unless that occurs, it ma
little difference how many (or how few) copies of the work make the round
bookstores, libraries, or — for that matter — modern electronic networks. A
while the all-important individual reader may sometimes be a stranger, I se
as no accident that this time the one with whom I could
F R U I T F U L L Y
share
research was an old friend.
Jock's help to me stretches out through the years since I started working
the present book. It is mentioned on many pages of the ensuing chapters,
there is still more to it. Lately he has proofread the entire text, catching num
ous misprints that had eluded me, and has also contributed many pages of
indices, which he does much better than I could.
I am grateful to quite a few other learned friends besides. Among th
whose remarks have enabled me to improve many sections are Gary Ren
burg, Carleton Hodge, Roy Kotansky, and — not least — Yoêl Arbeitman.
ness stopped him from reading beyond l.Ef in his photocopy of the orig
dot-matrix printout, but up to that point he annotated it copiously and wisel

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