BMW Introduction to coding and programming.pdf

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Table of Contents
Introduction to Coding & Programming
Subject
Page
What is Coding? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
What is Programming? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
What is the Purpose of Coding and Programming? . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Where is Data Stored in a Control Module? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
EPROM (Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory) . . . . . . . . . . . .7
EEPROM (Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory) . . . . . . . . . . .8
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Initial Print Date: 12/04
Revision Date:
Introduction to Coding & Programming
Model: All
Production: All
After completion of this module you will be able to:
• Distinguish between Coding & Programming
• Understand the importance of Coding & Programming
• Understand where data is stored in a Control Module
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Introduction to Coding & Programming
What is Coding?
It is a process utilized by BMW, which groups system specific operating requirements
(Data) together and then assigns a label/code to each of these groups of data. The vari-
ous groups of data are all pre-loaded into system specific “codable” control modules,
along with a basic set of operating instructions (Program).
Types of operating requirements:
• Nominal values of device input signals (0.25V to 2.5V, 5W - 25W, ...)
• Type of device input signal (PWM, square wave, analog ...)
• Operational parameters (device activation/deactivation time, ...)
• Market specific operations (O2 Sensors, Fuel Type, Emission Control, ...)
• Country Specific Regulations (U.S., Canada, Japan, UK, ECE, ...)
• Powertrain Configurations (Manual, Auto, TLEV, ULEV, SULEV, Diesel, ...)
The procedure of assigning one specifically labeled group of data to the operating pro-
gram of a specific control module/component is referred to as “coding”.
BEFORE CODING
AFTER CODING
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BMW Diagnosis and information system
TIS
Coding allows a specific
set of data already present
in the module to be selected.
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A “codable” control module has a basic operating program already installed along with
several specific variations of operating data. The coding process allows a specific set of
operating data to be assigned to the basic operating program of that module/component,
with respect to its specific application.
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Introduction to Coding & Programming
Coding can be performed for some systems/components:
• By installing a specific plug (coding plug) into a device/component
• By entering a 4 digit alpha-numeric code (variant code) via the programming selec-
tion on DISplus/GT1/SSS
• Selecting customer specific system operational settings from a list of available fea-
tures (VKM)
• Automatically by selecting a specific coding process available via ZCS Coding or CIP
using the DISplus/GT1/SSS
Note: Codable control modules/components are system specific, which means
that not all control modules are codable.
What is Programming?
It is a process utilized by BMW to load application/system specific operating instructions
BEFORE PROGRAMMING
BASIC
DATA
AFTER PROGRAMMING
No specific operational
program installed.
Hassermen
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Programming loads control
functions instructions into
a specific control module.
BMW Diagnosis and information system
TIS
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(Program) into a module/component which already has the systems operating require-
ments (Data) installed, plus it can be used as a means of updating data and operating
instructions previously installed in a control module.
Basic programmable control modules have a pre-defined set of operating data already
installed which allows the module to be fairly generic until a specific operational program
is installed.
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Introduction to Coding & Programming
Programming of system control modules is performed using a DISplus/GT1/SSS.
Note: Programmable control modules are system specific and not all control
modules are programmable using workshop equipment like the
DISplus,GT1 or SSS. The ability to program a module is limited to the
number of times it has already been programmed and the hardware
version of the control module itself.
What is the Purpose of Coding and Programming?
As a global manufacturer, BMW must design a large variety of control modules to meet
numerous vehicle requirements pertaining to issues such as:
• Country Specific Regulations (U.S., Canada, Japan, UK, ECE, ...)
• Vehicle Equipment Level (Phone, Navigation, HiFi, IHKA, IHKR, ...)
• Vehicle Powertrain Configurations (Manual, Auto, TLEV, ULEV, SULEV, Diesel, ...)
• System Specific Operating Requirements (Nominal values, type of input signal, ...)
By using Coding and/or Programming, the large variety of control modules needed can be
reduced to a smaller number of model specific hardware variations.
Codable control modules contain:
• A common operating program
• A large number/variety of specific operating data groups
In order to use this type of control module it must first be CODED to ensure that the
operating data specific to that vehicle/model application is used by the operating program
of the control module.
Programmable control modules contain:
• The required/specific operational data
• No operating program
In order to use this type of control module it must first be PROGRAMMED to ensure that
the operating program specific to the vehicle/model application is used.
Prior to the availability of Coding and Programming in the workshop this task could only
be performed at the factory.
Initially the factory installed Control Module(s) with a common operating program or data
into vehicles and as theses vehicles reached various points in the assembly process the
control modules were updated with the required operating data or program specific to the
application for that particular vehicle. Since replacement parts always need to be avail-
able, parts inventory needed to contain all variations of preprogrammed control modules
installed in all varieties of vehicles that were manufactured. This was not a big problem in
the early years, when the variety/quantity of models was smaller.
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Introduction to Coding & Programming

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