shape5.pdf

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64
Shape Up!
Chapter Five
Close Range Play 2
5.1 Approach plays and gain lines
Approach plays (kakari in Japanese) are the first elements learned in opening
play. They can happen anywhere on the board.
Where they do occur, there is a confrontation, across a
gain line,
marked in
these diagrams. One way to get a local advantage is to push your opponent
back, relative to these lines.
1
1
These plays, which are the conventional
supported contact plays,
are then
of primary interest. In each case Black 1 tries for the maximum advantage,
measured by getting over the gain line, while remaining close enough to the
initial Black stone to see some benefit from its proximity. Because of their
importance, and the variety of possible outcomes, we devote two pages to
each of them.
Chapter Five Close Range Play 2
65
5.2 Answering the outside attachment
A
B
1
C
D
2
3
When Black plays 1, White has a choice of answers A to D. The right-hand
diagram, after White plays A, leads to a cross-cut fight (7.1).
R S
3
2
Q
P
T
(Left)
Answer B is a butting play (4.5) and therefore usually bad shape.
(Right)
After C Black may continue with P, Q, R, S or T.
2
3
1
1
4
y
x
2
x x
x
x
x
x
x
Answer P allows White to give Black an empty triangle
(left),
but does
consolidate over the gain line. This pattern is sometimes seen, when both
the initial stones are on the third line. After Q, which is a more normal idea,
White can connect solidly
(right);
but might also play any of the ‘x’ points
instead to cover the cut indirectly, or stick out at ‘y’.
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Shape Up!
1
1
3
A
2
(Left)
A normal idea is for Black to extend at 1, one way into the basic
attach-extend pattern. Black 3 at A causes bad shape for both.
(Right)
Answer S is a special purpose technique, used here to live quickly.
A
3
2
4
9
5 7
6 8
7
1
2
5
3
8
6 4
9
(Left)
White should play
atari
at 2, and let Black live small and in
gote.
Black A later will be big.
(Right)
This is a typical case of response T.
White 4 seems to allow Black life too easily, considering that Black played
away here. These two examples belong with the material of 12.1.
1
2
A
3
D
1
2
C
B
There remains to look at White 2 in the left-hand diagram here, answer D
from the original list. When White is attacking, and Black defending, White
may choose this way to give Black the minimum of help. If White needs the
point 2 anyway, this is theoretically sound (cf. 13.2).
(Right)
White may
now continue with 4 at any one of A to D in this diagram; but Black has
been helped towards good shape with 3, and White’s cutting point remains.
Chapter Five Close Range Play 2
67
5.3 Answering the attachment on top
A
B
1
C
D
4
2
5 3
6
White’s normal answers are A to D here. (Cf. also 4.4, for a shape to avoid.)
White at A can be said to depend on the ladder in the right-hand diagram.
x
3
x
2
4
5
3
2
4
If that ladder is good for White, and Black has to play
atari
on top
(left),
White is doing well because of the cutting points marked ‘x’.
(Right)
White
at B simplifies the development to a trade of influence.
3
7
4
5
3
2
6
2
When White answers at C, two standard patterns may occur.
(Left)
The
attach-block shape made by Black 3 is a corner opening, in which Black 7 is
important to guard the ‘nose’ weakness in the corner (see 4.3).
(Right)
The
attach-extend pattern again, which was met in 5.2 in another form.
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Shape Up!
To understand the attach-extend pattern in gain line terms, compare it with
the capping play (marked stone). You can say Black has moved over the
gain line, but has also made stronger shape, and given White a cutting point.
12
13
C
B A
11
8 4
14
5 3
6
9
2
1
7
3
1 5
2
4
10
Before extending in the attach-extend pattern, one can play the bulge point
(3 in the left-hand diagram). In this case, Black leaves behind the useful
cutting sequence Black A, White B, Black C.
(Right)
There is this possible
capturing race in prospect. White 6 saves the corner, but Black is able to
play useful moves on the outside affecting the marked White stone.
White’s answer D makes it easy for Black to take the bulge point.
3 1
2
1
(Left)
Black 1 here is a recognised play when Black is trying to make
White overconcentrated on the lower edge (more on this in 7.2).
(Right)
Black 1 is a light idea, suitable for some defensive fights.

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