Pronunciation Lesson Notes - Lesson #3.pdf

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Pronunciation

Feeling the ‘Stress’ in Norwegian

Grammar Points

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Grammar Points

The Focus of This Lesson is the difference between written and spoken Norwegian.

Written Norwegian and spoken Norwegian is often times different. This owes to Norwegian having

gone through some major changes in the spoken language while change has been refused in the

written language. Although the difference can be quite daunting at first you will quickly find yourself

ease into the general flow of the language.

Some of the major differences between written and spoken language that we will look at today are

some vowel and consonant letters that has several sounds tied to them. We will also look at pitch

accent.

First up:

Double Consonants

In Norwegian it is common to see double consonants, especially the same consonant doubled to put

stress on the following vowel.

Norwegian is a pitch accent language with generally two tonals. This means that seemingly similar

words are distinguished by stressing either; 1. the beginning of the word or; 2. the end of the word.

Examples:

1. Stress on the first part (Before and including the [nd])

[Bønder] - "Farmers"

and

2. Stress on the latter part (after the [nn])

[Bønner] - "Beans"

It is not easy to know which words use which pitch accent. This requires listening and practice as

there is no general rule to help guess which word uses which pitch accent.

Remember that no Norwegian word comes with more than three successive consonants.

Separate words that are put together to make one word is no exception to this rule, this also affects

pronunciation.

Examples:

[buss] - "Bus"

and

[stopp] - "stop"

In English one takes a slight pause between the "-s" to help the pronunciation; "bus_stop"

In Norwegian however the two words are spliced [bussstopp] however this breaks the rules so one

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"-s" is removed making it [busstopp] this makes the pronunciation [buss-topp] the "-s" is pulled into

the "-t."

The last important rule on consonants is the difference between single and double (triple) consonants

in a word.

Examples:

1. Stress on the first part (Dragging the "U" sound into "-K")

[luke] - "a hatch, pull weed"

and

2. Stress on the latter part (heavy [kk] and "-u" changes to "-o" sound)

[lukke] - "to shut"

With double consonants following vowels some vowels tend to change their sound, this brings us to

our second part of this lesson.

Changing vowel sounds

As mentioned above, when followed by a double consonant some vowels change their sound. Let's

first list the vowel letters that do change sounds in some words.

"-E"

Usually pronounced [e] but can also be pronounced [æ] in some circumstances

[e] -

steke, selge, brekke.

[æ] -

servere, merke, her.

"-O"

Usually pronounced [o] but can also be pronounced [å] often before double consonants.

[o] -

soldat, mor, flora.

[å] -

sokker, morken, godt.

"-U"

Usually pronounced [u] but can also be pronounced [o] often in words with double "-k" [kk]

[u] -

fugl, musikk, sur.

[o] -

sukker, lukke, krukke

There is no general rule to when any of these vowels are pronounced with their changed sound.

However you might have observed that the vowel sound usually changes when they come before hard

double consonants, like [kk], [rk], [dt] and so on. Yet as you might have discovered it doesn't make a

good general rule as there are too many exceptions.

The only way to really learn the different pronunciations is to listen and practice!

Pronunciation Lesson Notes - Lesson #3.pdf

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