Pronunciation Lesson Notes - Lesson #1.pdf

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Pronunciation

The Pronunciation of Consonants in Norwegian

Grammar Points

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Grammar Points

The Focus of This Lesson is Syllables and Native Consonant Sounds That Make Up the

Norwegian Language

Introduction

Let's first take a look at how Norwegian sounds work. Compared with other languages, Norwegian

has a relatively large set of sounds, with 31 native consonant sounds ([b], [d], [f], [g], [gj], [gn], [h],

[k], [kj], [l], [m], [n], [ng], [p], [q], [r], [rd], [rl], [rn], [rs], [rt], [s], [sj], [sk], [skj], [t], [tj], [v], [w], [x],

[z]), 9 vowels ([a], [e], [i], [o], [u], [y], [æ], [ø], [å]), and 4 diphthongs ([ai], [au], [ei], [øy]). Also in

Norwegian, there are can be up to three consonants in a cluster, but not more as a rule.

Examples of Norwegian Words

Norwegian

kjole

haug

"English"

"a dress"

"knoll"

"column"

"bus stop"

søyle

busstopp

(essentially two words

put together

buss

and

stopp,

one

"s" is removed because of the

maximum rule)

Diphthong and Consonant

Combination

[kj][o][l][e]

[h][au]([g]) (in Norwegian

finishing [g] tends to be silent)

[s][øy][l][e]

[b][u][ss][t][o][pp] (double

consonants make vowels

pronounced harder and shorter)

Consonants

1. [b] as in "bath"

2. [d] as in "done"

3. [f] as in "four"

4. [g] as in "get"

5. [gj] "y|e|" as in "yell" more force on the twisting of the y sound

6. [gn] as in "magnum"

7. [h] as in "hole,"

8. [k] "c" as in "clock"

9. [kj] does not exist in English, a close match is "ch" in "Michelin"

10. [l] as in "lamp"

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11. [m] as in "mobile"

12. [n] as in "none"

13. [ng] as in "sung"

14. [p] as in "perspire"

15. [q] as in "wait"

16. [r] as in "you"

17. [rd] as in American "bard," just lighter stress on the "r"

18. [rl] as in "curl," also with lighter stress on the "r"

19. [rn] as in "barn," also with less stress on "r"

20. [rs] as in "harsh," less thick, but still with the "h"

21. [rt] as in "wait"

22. [s] as in "sun"

23. [sj] as in "shoe," again not heavy.

24. [sk] as in "share," a bit heavier "sh" than [sj]

25. [skj] as in "shawl," heavier "sh" than [sk]

26. [t] as in "tea"

27. [tj] does not exist in English, a close match is "h" in the name "Mihael"

28. [v] as in "vain"

29. [w] as "v" in "behave"

30. [x] as "ks" in "socks"

31. [z] as "ts" in "lets"

kj, sj, sk, and skj

The four different "sh" sounds in Norwegian may be hard to grasp for people who want to learn the

language. Basically the sounds range from a thin almost whistling sound [kj] to a thick "Sh" sound

[skj]. Do not worry too much about getting the pronunciation spot on. Norwegians tend to mix them

up every so often, and nobody will punish you for not pronouncing them correctly.

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