SUCCESSFUL WRITING Intermediate.pdf

(17932 KB) Pobierz
V
irginia
Evan
s
Virginia
Evans
~CJJ~
Express Publishing
Pub
lished
by
Expr
ess Publishing
in
2000
Libert
y
House,
New
Green
ham
Park
,
Newbury, Berk
shire
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(0044)
1635817363
-
Fax:
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817 463
e-mail: inquiries@expresspublishing.
co,uk.
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//www.expresspu
bli shing.co.uk.
t
Virginia
Evans, 2000
Design
&
Illustration
©
Express Publishing, 2000
Colour
Illustrations:
Nathan
All
rights
reserved.
No part of this
publication
may
be reproduced,
stored
in
a retrieval system or transmitted
in
any form, or by any
means,
electronic,
photocopying or otherwise, without
the
prior
written permission
of the Publishers.
iSBN
1-903128-50-1
Made in
EU
Acknowledgements
Aut
hor's
Ack
nowl edge ments
We would
like
to thank all the staff at
Express Publishing who
have cont
ribut ed their skills
to
produc
ing
this book.
Thanks
are
due
in
particular to: Sean Todd
(Editor in
Chief).
Andrew Wright
(senior
editor),
Anna
Miller (editorial
assistant), Mary Stevenson (senior production
controller),
the
Express design team, Tony Boyle
(recording
producer
)
and
Erica
Thompson
,
Anne Whitman, Steven Gibbs and Sally
Pierce
for
their
suppo
rt
and patience. We would
also
like
to
thank
those institutions and teachers who piloted
the
manuscript
,
and
whose
comme
nts
and
feedback influenced
positive
ly
the production of
the
book
.
Photograph Acknowledgements
©
Reuters
for photographs on p.
48
©
Audio Visual
for photographs on pages: 78, 81. 107
While every effort
has been made to trace all t
he
copyright holders, if any
h
ave been inadvertent
ly
overlooked the publishers will
be pleased
to
make the necessary arrangements at the fi
rst
opport
unity.
Contents
Pori AGuidelines 101 W
rilino
Pori 8Lellel
Wlilino
• LfIIERS
1
Inlolm
olLeliDlS
3 formolleliDlS
4S
emHolmolLellels
5 Ironsocllonollellers
•
ARTICLES
-
SIORIES
-
N
EWSREPORIS
-
REVIEWS
-
O
escrlollOnS
6O
escrlbln
oPeople
I
O
escrlblnoPloces/8u o
lldln s
8O
eSCIlblnoOblecls
9O
eSCIlblnofeslllo
ls/EJenls/Celebrollons
-
Nnno
&
NewR
llm
eoorls
10
fllsl·PDlSon
N
llollm
p
11 Ihlrd·PDlSon
N
llollm
O
l1p New R
s eporls
-
R
s
OIlew
l1b Rev
iews
• DISCURSIVE WRIIING
·
D
iscursive
essolS
13 ·"Forond
Aoolnsr-
Esso!!
1
Oolnlon Esso!!
40
14b
P
rolldlno S
olullons
10
P
roblem
s
1 Lellels
10
IheE
4c
dllor
·
R
lls
eoo
15 bsessmenl
&
Prooosol Reporls
• REVISION AND EIIENSION SECIfON
APP
IlInklno
W
ENOIl
ords
APP
ENOllll
Openino
&
Closlno Remorks lor LeliDlS/Uselul Vocobulo"
A
ENOllll1
Rules lorPu ollon
PP
nclu
4
16
10
16
34
38
41
48
54
56
60
66
11
18
81
88
94
98
101
109
145
141
1
50
UNIT 1
PorI AGUidelines lor WriJing
TYPES OF COMPOSITION
When
you
write a
composition
you
need to
understand
the type
of
writing required.
Yo
ur
piece of
writing
can be
in
the
form of
a
letter,
an
arti
cle
for a
magazine!
newspaperor
a
report.
LETTERS
arewritten to a person
(e.g. yourpen friend,
a
newspaper
ed
itor,
etc) or a
•
•
•
group of people
(e.g.
the students' society, the local football club, etc)
for
a specific
reason
(e.g.
togiveadvice, tomake
a
complaint
etc). They
include:
Informal
letters1
people you know well,
written
in a persona! chatty style.
0
Formal letters
to
managers/officials
etc, written in a polite formal style
.
Seml-formalletters
10 people you do
not
know well or people you know but you
want to sound polite andrespectful e.g. a teacher of you
rs,
your pen
friend's
parents,
etc, written
in
a politeand
respectful
style.
ARTICLES
arefound in magazines
and
newspapers.
The
following can
be
found in
the
formof
an article:
Descriptions
of people, places, buildings, objects, festivals, ceremonies
etc.
Na
rratives
about real or
imaginary
events which happened
in
the past. They can be
written
in
the
fir
st
person
(first-person
narratives) when the writer is
the
main
character
of
the
story or
in the
third person
(third-person
narratives) when the writer
is
describing
events which happened to
another person or group of people.
News reports
about current/recent
events
(e.g.
fires, accidents, etc)
written in
impersonal
style. News reports presentfacts objectively
and
unemotionally.
Reviews
discussing a film,
TV
programme,
book,
restaurant,
etc and recommending
it
or not to the
reader.
Discursive essays
about argumentsconceming
particularsubjects.
They
include:
"For
and Against" essays
which present
the pros
and
cons on
a specific
topic
Opinion Essays
which present thewriter's personal opinion ona specific topic
Providing Solutions to Problems
which discuss a problem and
its
causes,
making
suggestions and mentioning
the
expected results and consequences
Letters to the
Editor
which
present
the
writer's personal opinion on a specific
topic
orthewriter's suggestions on a specific problem
.
•
As
the
last band played
their final song,
,
felt sad
that
the
festival was about
to end.
An
the fun
moments
of the week passed through
my
mind in
a split second.
Dancing to the beat of the
music,
I
looked at myfriend
and said,
-
j
can't wait unli!
next year's Jazz
Festival!"
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
REPORTS
areformal pieces of writingand have a specific format andfeatures.
They
include:
Assessment reports
discussing the suitability of a person, place, plan, etc for a
particular
purpose,
job,
etc.
Proposals reportsdiscussing
suggestions or decisions about future actions.
1
Read the extracts (A-G)
and decide
which
type of writing
they
arc from
(1
-7).
D.D
third person
narrat
ive
D:D
fonnal
leuer
ITO
informal
lett
er
Dear Aunt Carol.
I'm
sorry
about
not
replying
to
your
let
t
er
sooner
but
I've
been
extremely
busy.
Guess
what! I
f
inally
fo
und
a
posit
ion
as
a
nursery
school
t
eacher
in
Bright
on!
Isn't
t
hat
wonderful?
[]I]
[]O
first person
narrative
description
of
a
place
EID
description
of
a
festival
,
.
(]I]
description
of
a person
~
D
"' 3~
Sir/
Madam.
-
I
8~.
Nrit
i'1
g
to
complain
about the
service
I
received
during a VISit
to
your
r~
s:;;:;
xS--:;
0'1
8th November.
.
r=:rs:
ly.
I
roM
booked
a
t
able
f
or
eight
o'clock.
but
when
we amved.
our table was
cor
r:-6Idy
",,".0
rt;
'HSS
half
81
hour
before
we were seate
d.
I
~as
ver:J
annoyed~
----~
--_
Debbie is tall. slim and
attractive,
with
long brown
hair andbeautiful blueeyes.
She
likes wearing
smart
clothes and always
looks
good.
....
~
.
.~
4

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