Real_Science-4-Kids_Chemistry.pdf

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Real Science -4- Kids
Pre-Level I
Dr. R. W. Keller
with illustrations by
Janet Moneymaker and Dr. D. J. Keller
Cover design:
David Keller
Opening page illustrations:
David Keller
Text illustrations:
Janet Moneymaker, Rebecca Keller
Copyright © 2005 Gravitas Publications, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the
publisher. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without
written permission.
Real Science-4-Kids: Chemistry Pre- Level I Textbook
ISBN # 0-9765097-0-9
Published by Gravitas Publications, Inc.
P.O. Box 4790
Albuquerque, NM
87196-4790
www.gravitaspublications.com
Printed in Hong Kong
CONTENTS iii
CHAPTER 1 ATOMS
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
Atoms
Different atoms
Atoms stick together
Making observations
Summary
1
2
5
6
7
8
CHAPTER 2 MOLECULES
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Atoms are building blocks
Atoms form molecules
Atoms follow rules
Summary
9
10
10
14
16
CHAPTER 3 MOLECULES MEET
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
When molecules meet
Molecules switch atoms
Molecules join together
Molecules break apart
Reactions are everywhere
Reactions follow rules
We can see reactions
Summary
17
18
19
20
20
22
24
25
26
CHAPTER 4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
ACIDS AND BASES
27
28
28
30
31
33
Special molecules
Acids and bases are different
H and OH groups
Both are important
Summary
CHAPTER 5 ACIDS AND BASES REACT
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
When acids and bases meet
Acid-base reactions
Important acid-base reactions
Observing acid-base reactions
Summary
35
36
39
40
41
34
iv CONTENTS
CHAPTER 6 MIXTURES
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
Mixing
Mixtures
Some mixtures dissolve
Dissolving
Soap
Summary
42
43
44
44
45
49
52
CHAPTER 7 UN-MIXING
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
Un-mixing
Evaporation
Sorting by hand
Using tools
Using “tricks”
Summary
54
54
55
56
57
59
53
CHAPTER 8 FOOD AND TASTE
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
Tasty molecules
The amazing tongue
Large tasty molecules
Summary
61
63
64
66
60
CHAPTER 9 MOLECULAR CHAINS
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
Chains of molecules
Different polymers
Polymers can change
Summary
68
69
71
73
67
CHAPTER 10 MOLECULES IN YOUR BODY
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
Special polymers
Proteins — tiny machines
DNA — a blueprint
Summary
75
76
77
79
74

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